Air control for furnaces



` 4Spf. 1 1 1,552,118

A G, L. DANFORTH, JR

AIR CONTROL FOR FURACES Filed July 1s. 1922 ashun-sim; 1

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'sept 1, 1925. y l 1,552,115, G. L. DANFORTH, JR v AIR CONTROL Fox FURNAC'ES Filed July 13, 1922 2 shuts-s img: V2

Patented Sept. 1, 1925.

UNI'IEDlv STATES rrarizu'r OFFICE.

GEORGE L. DANFORTH, Jn., or CHICAGO MENTS, TO O'PEN HEARTH COMBUSTI FORMATION QF DELAWARE.

Ara coNrRoL Fon FUaNAcEs.

Application filed July 13,1922. Serial 1in. 574,728;

To all lwliom t'mag/*00ncem.' y

Be it known that I, GEORGE L. DANroRTH,

Jr., a citizen of the United States, residing,

at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Air Controls for Furnaces, of which the following is a specicationf l This lnventlon relates 'to air controvlfor furnaces and more particularly to a construction whereby the incoming air may be `adequately controlled and directed in fur` naces of the open hearth type.

' As is well known in the art, an open hearth furnace is double-ended and periodically reversed in operation, the ends serving, alternately, to introduce the air and fuel and to carry off the products of combustion.

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Since the products ofcombustion largely` exceed the incoming air and fuel in volume, the ports must be' designedv largely with regard to the requirements of the products of combustion rather than those of the incoming airand fuel. vOn the other hand, eilicient furnace-operation requires that the a1r and fuel beintermixed to' form a relatively' short, hot fiame properly controlled and directed toward the bath of vmetal in the furnace.- In the endeavor to take care of these ltwo confiicting requirements, certain furnaces have been designed with additional passages which serve on the outgoing endto aid in carrying off the products of combustion and which are closed oli' on the income ing. end by means of dampers. In such constructions, the damper guides and .damper rigging complicate the furnace design and operation, and since the Ydamper and guides flow relative to said supplementall passages such as to prevent the main body of fluid froml passing intov the supplemental passages. v

It is a. further object to provide a" construction of this character which is simple in design and which may be readily applied to existing installations without material alterationtherein. i Other and further, the description proceeds.-

,.rLLINoIs', AssIeNoR, BY MFsNE AssreN- l N COMPANY, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A conobjects will appear as I have illustrated certain preferred enu- I .-bodiments of my invention inthe accoln-` panying*drawings,` in which- A lgure: 1 is a vertical, longitudinal section of one end ofl an open hearth furnace equipped` .with .my invention;

1gure`2 is a transverse section taken on line 2-2"`of Figure 1; 'f

Figure' is a' horizontal section taken on line 3 3 of Figure 1;

Figuren is a View smit-.Lr to Figure 1' showing a'modified form of construction: l Figure 511s a transverse section' taken on line 5-5 of Flgure 1; and

Figure 6 is a horizontal section taken on line 6 6 of Figurei.

' Referring first to the form of construction shown-in Figures 1 to 3, the furnace shown comprises the hearth 8 andthe central port 9 through which may be introduced the incoming air and fuel. The nozzle lO-iis x shown introduced through the rear wall 11 of the furnace intothe port 9, the nozzle being adapted to discharge liquid or gaseous fuel. The trench 60 across the port 9 receives the ends ofpipes 61. which -may be ural or lcoke oven gases.

. The -uptake 12 leads from the slag pocket 13to the rear end of the` port 9. The' supplemental uptake.`

passages 14 and 14 are located upon either side of the uptake 12 and connect the slag .pocket 13 with the supplemental ports 15 and 15 which lead into the furnace chamber upon either side ofthe central port 9.

used-tointroduce gaseous fuels suchas natl As best shown in yFigure 2, the passage 17 leads into the slag pocket, the passage connecting the slag pocket 13 with any usual type of regenerators (not shown),- The auxiliary passage 16 leads from passage 17 to a fan-shaped port 18 directed downwardly and transverselyl of the lower end of the supplemental uptake 14. The pipe 19 is intrOduCed into the passage 16 and is adapted to carry compressed fluid such as air or steam. The auxiliary passage 2O leads from the passage 17 togthe fan-shaped discharge opening 21 upon the opposite side ot' the slag pocket 13. This opening 21 discharges vdownwardly and across the lower.

end of the supplemental uptake 14. rl`he pipe 22 is directed axially toward the opening 21 and isadapted to Aconduct compressed fiuid thereto.

The auxiliary'passage 23 leads from the opening 24 up the lower end of uptake 14 to the discharge pipe 25 which is directed downwardly in the uptake 14. The pipe 26 is directed axially into `the pipe 25 and is adapted to introduce compressed fluid thereto. Similarly. the auxiliary passage 27 leads v from the, opening 28 at the lower end of uptake 14 to the pipe 29 which discharges downwardly into the upper portion of the uptake 14T. 'Ilhe pipe 3() is directed axially into the pipe 29 and is adapted to introduce compressed fluid thereto It will be observed that the division wall 31 between the uptake 14 andthe uptake 12 is shorter than the similar wall 3-2 between l the 'uptakes 12 and 14. Also the lower end leads into the rear'end of the port 41 lfrom p emental upv--v the slag' pocket '46. The lsup takes 47 and 47 lead from the slag pocket 46 to the supplemental ports 48 and 48';

' These ports discharge into. the furnace chamber laterally of the main port '41. rThe slag pocket` 46 is-connected by passage `49 to a suitable' regenerator shown).v The auxiliary passage 50 connects ,-th`e passage A49 with the fan-shaped discharge opening- 51 which is directed down! wardly and across the'lower end of the supplemental uptake 47. The pipe 52- i's directed axially of the opening 51,l and is adapted to introduce compressed duid. The

auxiliary passage 53 leads from the passage 49 to the discharge opening 54 directed i downwardly and across the lower end of the supplemental downtake 47 The pipe 55 is directed axially of the opening '54' and is. adapted to introduce compressed iuid thereto.v

It will be noted that the division wall 56 between the uptake 45 and uptake 47 is .shorter than the similar division wall 57 between the uptake 45 and the uptake 47 Also the lower end of the division Wall 5@ (not retails is located above the entrance of the .passage 49V into the slag pocket 46.

ln the operation of the type of furnace shown in Figures 1 to 3, upon the incoming end the air which has been preheated in a suitable regenerator is led through passage 1,7 to the slag pocket 13. From the'slag pocket 13, it passes freely up the uptake 12 tothe port 9 where Ait is joined by the fuel introduced through nozzle '.10 or 'through pipes 61 and trench 60. The flow of air from passage 17 passes below the lower end vof the division vwall 3 1 and hence largely passes by the opening at'the lower end of .the auxiliary uptake' 14. The lower end of the division wall, 32 aids in ldirecting it into the uptake 12.

A portion of the'air is drawn through the auxiliary passage 16 and by means of a cur-A rent of compressed air or steam introduced through pipe 19 is discharged through. 'the fan-shapedopening 18 toform a screenor curtain across'the lower'end of the uptake 14.` A further portion of air is by-passed through passage 20 and is forced through the fan-shaped opening 21 by means of compressed air or steam introduced through pipe 22 and thus forms a screen or curtain across the lower end of uptake 14.

As an alternative or additional means of 'I preventing flow of incoming air upwardly through the passage 14, a. certain amountof air is by-passed through the auxiliary passage 24 and. is introduced through pipe '25' into the uptake 14, the flow being caused by compressed fluid introduced through pipe 26. n his auxiliary How in the uptake 14' is in a downward direction and thus aids in preventing an upward flow 1n the uptake.

A similar auxiliary downward How is iii- 'troduced in the uptake 14 through pipe 29. On `the outgoing end, the compressed'luid the products of combustion How .down all three uptakes 12, 14vand 14.

The form of construction shownin `Fig- .ures 4,l ,5 and 6 is adapted for use with producer gas or other fuel which is preheated and which will be introduced through 'slag pocket 4 3 and uptake 42 into the forward end of port 41. The incoming air will passing through pipes 19,22, 26 and 3,0 isl shut eti' by any. suitable control means' and be preheatedand will pass from the re.-

generator`s`\thi'ough passage 49 to slag-pocket 46. The main flow of air will pass by the lower end of wall 56 and will be directed by the lower end of wall 57 into and up the uptake-45. f

' The lower end of the uptake 47 is screened off by a curtain of air which is drawn vthrough the passage 53 and directed through opening 54 by compressed air or steam introduced through pipe 55. Similarly, the lower end of uptake 47 is covered 'by a cui tain of air discharged through opening 51f The relative flow of air and fuel in the port 'I .41 may he controlled by the swinging tion of thesev gases also passes through the fuel uptake 42 to the slag vpocket 43. From the slag pockets, theheated gases .are passed to the regenerators.

It. will be apparentthat in hothforms l of construction shown a large area is prolarge volume of products of combustion may vided upon the outgoing end whereby the be adequatelydischarged from the furnace chamber. On the other hand, upon the\inI coming end, the incoming air is Aconcentrated through a passage of relatively small area and is so directed in relation to the fuel as .to cause proper combustion and the desired short and adequately controlled flame. Thel construction involves no water-cooled dampers with their consequent heat losses and no moving parts of any kind to complicate the installation.-

While Ihave shown two preferred formsof my invention, it is obviouslypapable Qf modification and change to suit varying conditions and furnace constructions. It is my 'to project Huid -to prevent flow from said slag pocket through certain of said passages.

intention tocover all such modifications and changes as come within the scopeI of the appended claims.

I claim: 1. In an open hearth furnace, uptakes entering the furnace ends, and means adaptedto introduce an auxiliary fluid f low lon itudinally of certain of said uptakes where y the flow of :duid through the uptakes may he controlled. f i

2. In an open hearth furnace, u takes entering the furnace ends, and pipes a apted to introduce an .auxiliary fluid flow. long imeans te cause a flow through said pipes whereby the flow of fluid throughthe uptakes may be controlled.

3. In an open vhearth furnace, u takes entering the furnace ends, arid pipes a apted tointroduce an auxiliary fluid -fiow .longi7 tudinally of certain of said uptakes, and

. nozzles for discharging compressed fluid in .the pipes to cause a flow through said pipes fwhereby the flow of fluid through the uptakes may be controlled.'

4. In an open hearth furnace, passages entering the furnace ends, pipes entering certain of said passages, and auxiliary passages adapted to ley-pass fiuid from the main passages and conduct it to the pipes, the ends of the pipes extending into the passages and discharging longitudinally thereof.

5. In an open hearth furnace, passages enteiing the fiirnace ends, pipesienterin'g certain of said passages, auxiliary passages adapted to'by-pass fluid from the main passages and conduct it to the'pipes, the ends of the pipes extending into the passages and discharging longitudinally thereof, and

6. In an open hearth furnace, passages entering the furnace ends,.pipes entering certainA of said passages, auxiliarypassages adapted to bypass fluid from the maiu'pas- -means adapted to cause a fluid fiow through vsaid auxiliary passages.

sages and conduct it to the pipes, the ends l -of the pipes extending into the passages and away from said furnace.

8. In` an open hearth furnace, passages entering thefurnace ends, certain of'said passages increasing in size to'ward the furnace, and means adaptedfto introduce an auxiliary fiuid fiow in said passages `in the direction away from saidfurnace.

9. -In'an open hearth furnace, a slag pocket, passages leading'from said slag pocket tot e furnace chamber, and means adapted 10.- In' an open hearth furnace, a slag pocket, passages leadingfrom said slag pocket to 'the furnacel chamber-,and means serving to ss certain of said passages in the direction introduce an auxiliary uid flow adapted` to prevent fiow' from said slag pocket throu h certain lof, said passages.

11. n an o en hearth furnace, a slag poele et, passages eading from said slagv pocketv to the furnace chamber, and means adapted to prevent lfiow from said 'slag pocket through certain of said passages, said means tudinally of certain of said uptakes, and

comprising pipes extending into the pas, sages and directed towardthe slag pocket, said pipes being adapted to discharge an i auxiliary fluid fiow. y

to .prevent flow from said slag pocket through certain of said passages, said means comprising pipes extending into 'the passages and directed toward the slag pocket,

auxiliary passages leading to said pipes,

and

13. In an open hearthfurnace, a slag pocket, passages leading Vfrom said slag pocket tu the furnace chamber, and means` adapted i tol prevent 'How from said slag pocket through certain of said passages, said means comprising pipes extending into the passages and directed toward the slag pocket,

means adapted to cau-se fluid flow. through said auxiliary passages and pipes. i

' i ditional auxiliary passages leading to said' pipes, ad l auxiliary passages .discharging transversely ofV said main passages, and means' adapted to` cause fluid flow through said auxiliary passages and pipes.

14. AIn an open hearth furnace, a slag pocket, passages leading from said 4slag pocketl i to thefurnace chamber, and lneans adapted -to prevent flow from said slag pocket through certain of said passages, said means comprising pipes extendinginto the-pasdischarging` f lily,

zles adaptedvto discharge compressed fluid to -cause fluid flow through said4 auxiliary passages and pipes. L

15. In an openhearth furnace, a slag pocket, uptalres leadin `from the slag pocket, a passage entering tiie slag pocket laterally of said uptakes, division Walls between said uptakes, the division wall adjacent the lateral passage entrance terminating above said entrance', and the next division Wall extending below theupper sidefof said entrance.. v

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 10th day 1922. GEORGE L. DANFORTH, JR. 

